Use of stool DNA for colorectal cancer screening: a meta-analysis and systematic review

Department

Internal Medicine

Additional Department

Medicine

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

European Journal of Cancer Prevention

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy in the USA and accounts for more than 1 million deaths worldwide with screening shown to reduce CRC mortality. This meta-analysis analyzed the use of stool DNA for screening average risk, asymptomatic subjects for colorectal cancer and advanced precancerous lesions and compared sDNA to FOBT tests (gFOBT and FIT). Eight studies were included from four different countries with a total of 39 665 subjects. Pooled sensitivity and specificity for sDNA for detecting CRC was 83.3% (95% CI: 60.8-94.2) and 92.4% (95% CI: 90.1-94.1), respectively, compared with FOBT, which had a lower sensitivity at 70.2% (95% CI: 45.5-86.9) but higher specificity 95.7% (95% CI: 95.1-96.2). Further analysis showed improved sensitivity of sDNA to 92.6% when only the studies employing sDNA tests that incorporate hemoglobin immunochemical test were used. Both sDNA and FOBT tests had low sensitivity for detecting advanced precancerous lesions. sDNA tests are sensitive and specific for the detection of CRC but show low sensitivity compared with colonoscopy for the detection of advanced precancerous lesions.

First Page

309

Last Page

315

DOI

10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000937

Volume

34

Issue

4

Publication Date

7-1-2025

Medical Subject Headings

Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms (diagnosis, genetics); Early Detection of Cancer (methods); Feces (chemistry); Occult Blood; Sensitivity and Specificity; Precancerous Conditions (diagnosis, genetics); Biomarkers, Tumor (genetics, analysis); Mass Screening (methods)

PubMed ID

39560460

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