Trend of cardiovascular mortality among metastatic renal cell cancer patients in the US from 2005 to 2020

Authors

Nischit Baral, Columbia University Division of Cardiology at Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, United States.
Elena Deych, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Deepak Chandramohan, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Arvind Kunadi, Department of Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, United States.
Tarec K. Elajami, Columbia University Division of Cardiology at Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, United States.
Nabin R. Karki, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States.
Astha Prasai, Rochester Regional HealthFollow
Daniel A. Ladin, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Amrit Gautam, Department of Medicine, Florida Atlantic Univeristy Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, United States.
Rupesh Khanal, Department of Medicine, Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salem, VA, United States.
Nirat Beohar, Columbia University Division of Cardiology at Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, United States.
Joshua D. Mitchell, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.

Department

Internal Medicine

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Cancer Epidemiology

Abstract

Recent advances in treating advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with distant metastasis have significantly enhanced cancer-specific outcomes. However, these patients are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and events. This study aims to investigate the trend of incidence-based mortality specific to CVD in patients with metastatic RCC. We examined data from 26,501 adult patients aged 18 and older diagnosed with metastatic RCC between 2005 and 2020 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 registry. We used a linear regression model to examine trends in metastatic RCC incidence and mortality rates among the US general population stratified by gender using R statistical software version 4.3.2. Among 26,501 adult patients diagnosed with metastatic RCC, RCC-specific mortality accounted for 18,258 (81.1 %) deaths, while mortality due to cardiovascular (CV) events was 737 (3.3 %). The overall incidence rate of metastatic RCC increased over time (p-value < 0.001). A significant interaction between time and sex was found, indicating greater increase in metastatic RCC incidence rates in males than females over time (p < 0.001 for interaction). There was no statistically significant difference in metastatic RCC-specific mortality rate between sexes (p = 0.25) or over time (p = 0.89). The combined CV mortality rate (in both sexes) increased from 0.02 to 0.04 during the years 2005-2020 and was statistically significant (p = 0.001) with no significant difference in mortality between sexes (p = 0.13). The trend of increasing metastatic RCC incidence with no change in all cause and metastatic RCC specific mortality would suggest benefit of advances in therapy. However, the slow but gradual rise in CV mortality needs to be further studied. Keywords: advanced renal cell carcinoma, cardiovascular mortality, sex.

First Page

102758

DOI

10.1016/j.canep.2025.102758

Volume

95

Publication Date

4-1-2025

Medical Subject Headings

Humans; Carcinoma, Renal Cell (mortality, epidemiology, pathology); Male; Female; Cardiovascular Diseases (mortality, epidemiology); Kidney Neoplasms (pathology, mortality, epidemiology); Middle Aged; United States (epidemiology); Aged; Incidence; Adult; SEER Program; Young Adult; Adolescent; Neoplasm Metastasis; Aged, 80 and over

PubMed ID

39889311

Recommended Citation

Baral, N., Deych, E., Chandramohan, D., Kunadi, A., Elajami, T. K., Karki, N. R., Prasai, A., Ladin, D. A., Gautam, A., Khanal, R., Beohar, N., & Mitchell, J. D. (2025). Trend of cardiovascular mortality among metastatic renal cell cancer patients in the US from 2005 to 2020. Cancer Epidemiology, 95, 102758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2025.102758