Variability of vaccine responsiveness in early life

Department

Research

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Cellular Immunology

Abstract

Vaccinations in early life elicit variable antibody and cellular immune responses, sometimes leaving fully vaccinated children unprotected against life-threatening infectious diseases. Specific immune cell populations and immune networks may have a critical period of development and calibration in a window of opportunity occurring during the first 100 days of early life. Among the early life determinants of vaccine responses, this review will focus on modifiable factors involving development of the infant microbiota and metabolome: antibiotic exposure, breast versus formula feeding, and Caesarian section versus vaginal delivery of newborns. How microbiota may serve as natural adjuvants for vaccine responses and how microbiota-derived metabolites influence vaccine responses are also reviewed. Early life poor vaccine responsiveness can be linked to increased infection susceptibility because both phenotypes share similar immunity dysregulation profiles. An early life pre-vaccination endotype, when interventions have the highest potential for success, should be sought that predicts vaccine response trajectories.

First Page

104777

DOI

10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104777

Volume

393-394

Publication Date

11-1-2023

Medical Subject Headings

Infant; Child; Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Vaccines; Vaccination; Microbiota; Immunity, Cellular

PubMed ID

37866234

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