Functional Immune Cell Differences Associated With Low Vaccine Responses in Infants

Department

Research

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We sought to understand why some children respond poorly to vaccinations in the first year of life. METHODS: A total of 499 children (6-36 months old) provided serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples after their primary and booster vaccination. Vaccine antigen-specific antibody levels were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and frequency of memory B cells, functional T-cell responses, and antigen-presenting cell responses were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples with flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: Eleven percent of children were low vaccine responders, defined a priori as those with subprotective immunoglobulin G antibody levels to ≥66% of vaccines tested. Low vaccine responders generated fewer memory B cells, had reduced activation by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells on polyclonal stimulation, and displayed lower major histocompatibility complex II expression by antigen-presenting cells. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that subprotective vaccine responses in infants are associated with a distinct immunologic profile.

First Page

2014

Last Page

9

DOI

10.1093/infdis/jiw053

Volume

213

Issue

12

Publication Date

6-15-2016

Medical Subject Headings

Antibodies (blood); Antigen-Presenting Cells (immunology); B-Lymphocytes (immunology); CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (immunology); Child, Preschool; Cytokines (immunology); Diphtheria Toxoid (administration & dosage, immunology); Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Immunization, Secondary; Immunologic Memory; Infant; Leukocytes, Mononuclear (immunology); Male; Pertussis Vaccine (administration & dosage, immunology); Polysaccharides (administration & dosage, immunology); Tetanus Toxoid (administration & dosage, immunology); Vaccines (administration & dosage, immunology); Vaccines, Acellular (administration & dosage, immunology); Vaccines, Conjugate (administration & dosage, immunology)

PubMed ID

26908730

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