Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. There is emerging evidence regarding suboptimal response to vaccination against COVID-19 in patients with hematologic and solid organ malignancies.
We conducted a single-center prospective study assessing seroconversion in response to vaccination against COVID-19 in 53 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), multiple myeloma (MM), and solid organ malignancies.
A quantitative immunoassay of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein was measured prior to vaccination and at 2 weeks after completion of two-dose vaccination series. A fourfold increase in antibody titers was considered positive seroconversion. Through a predesigned survey, patients also self-reported side effects from each dose of vaccination.
Seroconversion on vaccination was seen in 6/12 (50%) patients with CLL, 7/11 (63.6%) patients with NHL, 9/10 (90%) patients with MM, and 17/20 (85%) patients with solid organ malignancy. Only 6 of the 14 (42.8%) patients currently on or with previous history of rituximab use seroconverted. Injection site soreness was the most reported side effect. The only severe side effect occurred in a patient with solid organ malignancy who developed Parsonage-Turner syndrome.
Patients with CLL and NHL appear less likely to respond to vaccination against COVID-19 in contrast to patients with MM or solid organ malignancies. Previous treatment with
rituximab is a possible risk factor for suboptimal response to vaccination.
These data highlight the importance of continuing risk mitigation strategies against COVID-19 in individuals with hematologic malignancy, particularly those with CLL or on treatment with rituximab.
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Recommended Citation
Singal M, Kashinath SK, Mustafa S, Walsh E, Vadamalai K, Jamshed S. Evaluation Of Antibody Response To Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccination In Patients With Lymphoid And Solid Organ Malignancies. Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery. 2022; 2(4). doi: 10.53785/2769-2779.1118.
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